台積電赴美設廠真的會人才外流?專家、學 - 職場
By Audriana
at 2022-12-08T18:47
at 2022-12-08T18:47
Table of Contents
作者: Su22 (裝配匠) 看板: Stock
標題: [新聞] 台積電赴美設廠真的會人才外流?專家、學
時間: Wed Dec 7 21:36:07 2022
原文標題:台積電赴美設廠真的會人才外流?專家、學者齊喊「問題不在這裡」
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原文連結:https://bit.ly/3VVsQ55
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發布時間: 2022 年 12 月 06 日 8:32
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記者署名: 姚 惠茹
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原文內容:
台積電美國亞利桑那州廠當地時間 12 月 6 日將舉辦首批機台設備到廠(First tool-in
)典禮,引發外界憂心人才外流問題,專門研究人力資源的台灣大學國家發展研究所副教
授辛炳隆認為,人才到海外吸取經驗是好事,問題是台灣有沒有回流機制,否則人才就真
的留在當地或到外資企業。
台積電美國 5 奈米廠盛大舉辦移機典禮,再次引發外界擔心人才、技術外流的問題,雖
然台積電董事長劉德音說明,台積電全部工程師有 5 萬人,外派到美國廠支援的只有
500 人,而這些人才到海外歷練,對台灣人才的養成有所幫助,卻沒能減輕外界的疑慮
。
人才外流的定義?
辛炳隆接受訪問首先就問「什麼是人才外流?」舉例來說,第一種狀況是台廠把台灣的員
工外派到海外生產基地工作,但是台廠的總部還是在台灣;第二種狀況是外商企業聘請很
多台灣人工作,但這些外商跟台廠有競爭關係,哪種叫做人才外流?
辛炳隆認為,人才走出去就叫做人才外流嗎?但是要思考台積電的人才外派到美國廠,對
台灣的台積電和半導體產業有沒有幫助,關鍵在於兩者是垂直分工的狀態,而不是互相競
爭的角色,那台灣人才走出去就是壯大台廠,反而可以帶動台灣經濟發展。
辛炳隆指出,台灣人才走出去不是壞事,但是那些留在台灣的人才,結果卻是幫競爭國家
的產業貢獻,這才是問題所在,而且高科技產業都有競業條款,對商業機密進行保護,避
免台積電的技術外溢到其他有競爭關係的外商,所以不必擔心人才到海外就被挖角的問題
。
鼓勵台廠建立「回流制度」
辛炳隆表示,現在主流的思維不是把人才留在台灣,以台積電的案例來說,政府應該積極
鼓勵企業建立「回流制度」,也就是讓人才出去,還能夠再回來,因為過去台商都沒有這
樣的制度,導致人才出去就沒辦法再回來,反而留在當地的企業或是當地的外商公司。
辛炳隆分析,若是台積電有回流的制度,那就可以帶回海外經驗,對台積電有很大的效果
,像是當年張忠謀就是帶回來很多在美國工作的海外經驗,若台灣人才是這樣的流動,那
就對台灣有好處,關鍵在於台灣有沒有機制,讓台灣人才再回來。
辛炳隆舉例,早期台灣人到海外念書、就業,當地都會有青輔會留資料,保持密切聯繫,
這就是一種對海外人才庫清楚掌握的方法,等到台灣有需要的時候就可以邀請人才回來,
但是現在這種機制已經式微,導致人才出去就像斷了線的風箏,這樣就很可惜。
人才流動是正向發展
無獨有偶,104 獵才招聘資深副總經理晉麗明認為,台積美國亞利桑那州廠備受矚目,因
為具有指標性,所以引發人才外流的疑慮,但是外派的人才只有 500 人,這只是一個個
案,其實並不能說是人才外流,不需要過度憂心。
晉麗明表示,國際半導體大廠,無論是英特爾、台積電、三星的文化和領域都不一樣,而
且英特爾其實全世界都在挖角優秀人才,真的想要去英特爾的工程師可以直接過去,通常
不會繞一圈從台積電美國廠跳過去,只是台積電太受關注,所以每一件事都被放大來審視
。
晉麗明指出,新冠疫情趨緩,台灣人才自由流動,其實不只是半導體業,還有金融業、零
組件、服務產業的人才外流需要被關注,但是台灣要跟全世界做生意,人才不可能不走出
去,像是台廠全球布局,就一定會帶動人才挪移,關鍵在於人才返鄉,帶回來的專業和力
量的擴充。
鼓勵年輕人接軌國際
晉麗明認為,台灣的問題不是人才外流,而是人才進不來的問題,其實不用擔心人才外流
,哪個國家人才不外流,美國、日本、南韓、中國的人才都是全世界流動,如果會對本國
造成影響,那就是人才培育來不及,第二是根本沒有人才挹注,所以才會導致供需不平衡
。
晉麗明強調,台灣若是像新加坡一樣,延攬全世界最優秀的人才,透過計畫讓國家需要的
人才,藉由完善的制度、經濟的發展,讓人才進來台灣,何必擔心人才外流,本來就是有
進有出,反而要擔心台灣年輕人只在乎小確幸,只願意留在台灣,那才是國家的問題。
整體來說,台積電赴美設廠做為重要大事,成為全台灣人關注的焦點,但是人才外流並非
單一議題,而人才流動能帶來正向循環,台灣政府和廠商應該從培育人才、延攬人才、建
立制度、開放政策,讓人才能走出去、回得來,更能進得來,打造一個人才供需平衡的環
境。
心得/評論:
一堆人擔心台積電人才去美國就會被intel挖角,機密外洩
intel挖角又不會是台積電去美國才挖角
台大教授專家學者都認為人才外流之類的說法言過其實
一堆恐慌仔疑美仔可以休矣
※必需填寫滿30字,無意義者板規處分
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