日經:台灣出生率持續下滑 危及經濟安全 - 福利
By Mary
at 2021-07-20T13:12
at 2021-07-20T13:12
Table of Contents
※ [本文轉錄自 Stock 看板 #1WzXOl_d ]
作者: Reewalker (報告饅頭班長不夠) 看板: Stock
標題: [新聞] 日經:台灣出生率持續下滑 危及經濟安全
時間: Tue Jul 20 08:17:49 2021
原文標題:
日經:台灣出生率持續下滑 危及經濟安全
原文連結:
https://udn.com/news/story/6811/5610257
發布時間:
2021-07-18 18:38 經濟日報 / 編譯林奕榮/綜合外電
原文內容:
日經新聞報導,台灣出生率下滑,總生育率低迷,已導致人口負成長及高齡化,可能危及
台灣的人口紅利,威脅經濟安全。
台灣2020年首次出現人口負成長,死亡數17萬3,156人,出生數僅16萬5,249人,相較之下
,二戰後嬰兒潮時期每年的出生人數為40萬人。近年來,台灣的總生育率一直位在全球後
段班;今年4月美國中情局(CIA)公布的資料顯示,在該機構訪調的227個國家或地區中
,台灣的總生育率墊底,每位女性僅生育1.07個子女,遠低於維持2,350萬總人口數所需
的2.1個。
台灣國發會指出,人口負成長將成為永久現象,並預測台灣將在2025年進入「超高齡社會
」,65歲以上人口占總人口20%;2040時,這個比率料將升至30%。與此同時,台灣總人口
將在2050年時跌破2,000萬人,2054年的出生數將低於10萬人。
國發會表示:「若出生率持續低迷,台灣將在2028年失去人口紅利,勞動人口占總人口數
不到三分之二,對經濟生產力造成威脅。」
對台灣而言,這項前景令人擔憂,可能危及台灣的生活水準、就業、退休所得以及經濟穩
定;台灣經濟動能來自製造業和電子、機械與石化產品出口;長期而言,人力短缺也將影
響台灣的軍力與自衛能力。
台灣出生率低迷的原因之一是所得的成長跟不上房地產、房租和商品價格上漲腳步,導致
生育子女的實際成本持續升高;信義房屋彙整的政府數據顯示,2001年至2020年,台北的
房價上漲202%,但平均工資僅成長80%。
此外,一些中小型企業的懷孕歧視,也導致許多女性不願生育;一旦申請產假,可能導致
降職、減薪甚至失業,因為公司在這段期間已另尋人手。
台灣中研院社會學研究所的研究人員鄭雁馨表示,台灣出生率持續下降的主因是愈來愈少
女性結婚,未婚生子的情況在台灣依然較少,因為未婚媽媽在台灣的保守社會容易受到歧
視、詆毀。
中研院研究人員林宗弘表示,政府應致力因應出生率持續下滑的衝擊,尤其是調高退休年
齡,藉此減輕退休人士醫療照護和其他福利所需資金的壓力。他表示:「政府可能會考慮
調整勞工政策,延後退休年齡,讓一些健康、有生產力的勞工多工作幾年,因為他們仍可
為勞動力貢獻,而非僅靠退休金生活。」
心得/評論: ※必需填寫滿20字
台灣經濟動能來自製造業和電子、機械與石化產品出口;長期而言,人力短缺也將影響台
灣的軍力與自衛能力。
台灣出生率低迷的原因之一是所得的成長跟不上房地產、房租和商品價格上漲腳步,導致
生育子女的實際成本持續升高;信義房屋彙整的政府數據顯示,2001年至2020年,台北的
房價上漲202%,但平均工資僅成長80%。
日本新聞是懂不懂
沒看到台灣股市要上看兩萬
是要替你日本外資進貨?
--
如何嘴砲 反駁對方的重點──◢◣█確實指出人家論點的錯誤性 ψQSWEET
駁斥──────◢ ◣█用引言指出對方錯誤或矛盾的地方( █優質論文)
在嘴砲王 相反的觀點──◢████◣█列出相反的論點並以事實當證據( █ 辯論社)
應該出現 矛盾────◢██████◣█列出相反的論點但不加以證實( ██論壇)
的元素 攻擊態度─◢████████◣█質疑對方的態度和口氣 ( ██匿名版)
人身攻擊↘偏見↗ ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█攻擊身份和能耐█幹你娘(█ 小朋友)
--
作者: Reewalker (報告饅頭班長不夠) 看板: Stock
標題: [新聞] 日經:台灣出生率持續下滑 危及經濟安全
時間: Tue Jul 20 08:17:49 2021
原文標題:
日經:台灣出生率持續下滑 危及經濟安全
原文連結:
https://udn.com/news/story/6811/5610257
發布時間:
2021-07-18 18:38 經濟日報 / 編譯林奕榮/綜合外電
原文內容:
日經新聞報導,台灣出生率下滑,總生育率低迷,已導致人口負成長及高齡化,可能危及
台灣的人口紅利,威脅經濟安全。
台灣2020年首次出現人口負成長,死亡數17萬3,156人,出生數僅16萬5,249人,相較之下
,二戰後嬰兒潮時期每年的出生人數為40萬人。近年來,台灣的總生育率一直位在全球後
段班;今年4月美國中情局(CIA)公布的資料顯示,在該機構訪調的227個國家或地區中
,台灣的總生育率墊底,每位女性僅生育1.07個子女,遠低於維持2,350萬總人口數所需
的2.1個。
台灣國發會指出,人口負成長將成為永久現象,並預測台灣將在2025年進入「超高齡社會
」,65歲以上人口占總人口20%;2040時,這個比率料將升至30%。與此同時,台灣總人口
將在2050年時跌破2,000萬人,2054年的出生數將低於10萬人。
國發會表示:「若出生率持續低迷,台灣將在2028年失去人口紅利,勞動人口占總人口數
不到三分之二,對經濟生產力造成威脅。」
對台灣而言,這項前景令人擔憂,可能危及台灣的生活水準、就業、退休所得以及經濟穩
定;台灣經濟動能來自製造業和電子、機械與石化產品出口;長期而言,人力短缺也將影
響台灣的軍力與自衛能力。
台灣出生率低迷的原因之一是所得的成長跟不上房地產、房租和商品價格上漲腳步,導致
生育子女的實際成本持續升高;信義房屋彙整的政府數據顯示,2001年至2020年,台北的
房價上漲202%,但平均工資僅成長80%。
此外,一些中小型企業的懷孕歧視,也導致許多女性不願生育;一旦申請產假,可能導致
降職、減薪甚至失業,因為公司在這段期間已另尋人手。
台灣中研院社會學研究所的研究人員鄭雁馨表示,台灣出生率持續下降的主因是愈來愈少
女性結婚,未婚生子的情況在台灣依然較少,因為未婚媽媽在台灣的保守社會容易受到歧
視、詆毀。
中研院研究人員林宗弘表示,政府應致力因應出生率持續下滑的衝擊,尤其是調高退休年
齡,藉此減輕退休人士醫療照護和其他福利所需資金的壓力。他表示:「政府可能會考慮
調整勞工政策,延後退休年齡,讓一些健康、有生產力的勞工多工作幾年,因為他們仍可
為勞動力貢獻,而非僅靠退休金生活。」
心得/評論: ※必需填寫滿20字
台灣經濟動能來自製造業和電子、機械與石化產品出口;長期而言,人力短缺也將影響台
灣的軍力與自衛能力。
台灣出生率低迷的原因之一是所得的成長跟不上房地產、房租和商品價格上漲腳步,導致
生育子女的實際成本持續升高;信義房屋彙整的政府數據顯示,2001年至2020年,台北的
房價上漲202%,但平均工資僅成長80%。
日本新聞是懂不懂
沒看到台灣股市要上看兩萬
是要替你日本外資進貨?
--
如何嘴砲 反駁對方的重點──◢◣█確實指出人家論點的錯誤性 ψQSWEET
駁斥──────◢ ◣█用引言指出對方錯誤或矛盾的地方( █優質論文)
在嘴砲王 相反的觀點──◢████◣█列出相反的論點並以事實當證據( █ 辯論社)
應該出現 矛盾────◢██████◣█列出相反的論點但不加以證實( ██論壇)
的元素 攻擊態度─◢████████◣█質疑對方的態度和口氣 ( ██匿名版)
人身攻擊↘偏見↗ ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█攻擊身份和能耐█幹你娘(█ 小朋友)
--
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