104年司律一試有疑問的題目 - 考試
By Thomas
at 2015-08-11T09:49
at 2015-08-11T09:49
Table of Contents
大家好,請教一下:
民事法第53題
於 103 年10 月1 日,甲列乙為被告,基於損害賠償請求權,
向臺北地方法院起訴,聲明求為判決命被告賠償新臺幣(下同)
70 萬元,其主張之事實及理由略為:甲住居臺北、乙住居屏東
。100 年3 月1 日,乙駕車在臺北市區與甲駕車相撞,在現場甲
受傷發生損害,因乙駕車有過失,致甲受損害70 萬元等語。乙
則請求法院駁回原告之訴,並抗辯自己無過失云云。下列敘述,
何者正確?
A 法院得依職權調查甲對損害之發生是否也有過失,無須待當事
人主張其相關事實
B 法院就兩造有關何人有過失之事實經調查證據之結果,得心證
認為甲就損害之發生亦有過失時,於裁判前令當事人就該事實
及有關如何賠償之事實有辯論機會後,得依職權斟酌該事實而
減少乙應賠償之金額
考選部給的答案是B,我覺得這答案是對的,
但是,
裁判法院: 最高法院
裁判字號: 85年台上字第1756號(判例)
裁判案由: 損害賠償事件
裁判日期: 民國 85 年 08 月 15 日
裁判要旨: 損害之發生或擴大,被害人與有過失者,法院得減輕
賠償金額或免除之,民法第二百十七條第一項定有明
文。此項規定之目的,在謀求加害人與被害人間之公
平,故在裁判上法院得以職權減輕或免除之。
裁判字號: 80年度台上字第173號(判決)
裁判案由: 請求損害賠償
裁判日期: 民國 80 年 01 月 28 日
裁判要旨: 查損害之發生或擴大,被害人與有過失者,法院得減
輕賠償金額或免除之,重大之損害原因,為債務人所
不及知,而被害人不預促其注意或怠於減少損害者,
為與有過失,民法第二百十七條第一項及第二項定有
明文,此即過失相抵之法則。按過失相抵之責任減輕
或免除,非為抗辯,而為請求權一部或全部之消滅,
故過失相抵之要件具備時,法院得不待當事人之主張
,逕以職權減輕賠償金額或免除之。
這樣看來,似乎A選項也是可以,
還是說,事實部分仍須被告自己抗辯,
然後在法律效果方面,法院得依職權介入。
如果當事人未抗辯,法院則連事實部分都不能去調查。
謝謝啦!
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