一題無權處分(無權處分人繼承) - 考試
By Lucy
at 2014-07-07T07:50
at 2014-07-07T07:50
Table of Contents
(一)
甲竊取父親一只手錶,出售給不知情的丙。一個月後,甲的父親去世,
甲繼承父親所有財產。此時,甲主張手錶買賣契約無效,要求丙返還該
手錶,則丙則主張其是合法取得該手錶之所有權。試問,誰的主張有理?
這題我的問題主要就是在於,要如何去討論說甲主張,
因為繼承父親遺產,所以先前的買賣契約無效,是無理由。
我覺得丙是絕對可以主張善意取得的,
但又要以什麼法律依據反駁甲的不合理?
謝謝!
我的答案如下:
(一) 丙可取得該手錶之所有權:
1.按無處分權人就其標的物之處分,須經權利人承認後發生效力。(民法第118條
第1項參照)。在本題中,甲竊取父親一只手錶,其手錶的所有權屬於父親,甲出
售給不知情的丙,屬於無權處分,債權行為有效,物權行為在父親未承認之前效
力未定。
2.手錶之所有權係屬父親,而甲占有該手錶,丙因善意信賴甲佔有該錶的公示外
觀,而以為甲為有處分權人。故須對丙之善意信賴保護,以為護交易安全。故依
照民法第801條、第948條第1項,丙可主張善意取得該錶之所有權。
第一個部份應該沒有問題,比較有問題的是第二個部份:我擬了兩種方式來作答,
第一種是從負擔行為不已處分人有處分權為必要
第二種是,有一位書書記官朋友,跟我說這題應該可以調判例出來作答:
版本一:
(二)買賣契約有效,甲無法請求返還該手錶:
1.依題意,甲在繼承父親所有財產後,對乙主張一個月前的主張買賣契約無效,
於法律上沒有理由。由於甲一個月前和乙所簽訂的買賣契約,係屬負擔行為,
負擔行為,不直接使標的物的所有權直接發生變化,故不以所有權人有處分權
為必要,買賣契約在雙方就標的物和約定價金互為同意後,始生效力。(民法第
345條第2項參照)
版本二
(二)買賣契約有效,甲無法請求返還該手錶:
1.無處分權人就權利標的物為處分後,因繼承取得權利者,其處分行為仍有效。
(29年台上字第1405號參照。)甲在父親去世,繼承財產之後,其手錶交易的債權
行為和物權行為皆有效,(債權行為不以處分人有處分權為必要)故甲對丙無法主
張買賣契約無效而要求返還該錶。
謝謝各位耐心看完!謝謝!
--
Anything, without blind insistence, is right.
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