刑總--緊急避難考古題 - 考試
By Lauren
at 2016-03-22T01:14
at 2016-03-22T01:14
Table of Contents
Q:
甲係演員,無自殺之意而欲表演自殺;表演時引火自焚,迨著火後刺痛難忍,
負痛狂奔而撞傷路人乙,乙提出傷害之告訴。甲主張緊急避難,有無理由?
(97司法事務官)
這題先不論構成要件,因為顯然構成傷害罪該當
但之後發現在論述是否可以主張緊急避難時
周昉老師的書和李允呈老師的書各持相反意見
(周師主張有理由,李師則說無理由)
周師主張→甲在學理上為過失緊急避難,在法益衡平主義下,其緊急避難的意思為
行為人在主觀上需認識緊急危難狀態且有意防避其危難,至於緊急危難狀態是否由於
緊急避難行為過咎所導致,並非注重。故甲之過失或過咎行為所導致之危難,除非是
事先預謀欲傷害他人之法益外,僅須就具體情形從事利益衡量,即為足矣。
所以甲可以主張緊急避難以阻卻違法,僅須對乙負民法上損害賠償。
而李師卻認為甲該撞傷路人行為無法降低身體遭火燒傷之手段,所以非為有效的避難
手段,故不得主張緊急避難,並無理由。
想請教這題本來就無正確答案嗎? 我覺得兩個看下來好像都無不適阿>"<
但我較偏周師的說法,因單就緊急避難的要件而觀,甲符合客觀(有避難的情狀和行為)
與主觀上的要件,而甲撞傷乙之行為亦造成乙身體上法益的損害。
抑或是我的想法有盲點,望大家指點迷津,謝謝~~
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