關於刑法共犯脫離、中止犯的問題 - 考試
By Andy
at 2013-04-27T15:08
at 2013-04-27T15:08
Table of Contents
※ 引述《loveflames (咕啾咕啾魔法陣)》之銘言:
: 實務採共犯脫離理論的例子
: 如刑法28條立法理由:
: 著手前脫離且對結果無助力,非共同正犯
: 但是著手後能否脫離,見解就比較不一致(高院有判決明確採過)
: 這個應該是最高院採肯定見解的例子
: 100台上5925:
: 行為人參與共同之謀議後擬脫離犯罪者,如於著手前對其他共同正犯
: 已提供物理上之助力,或強化心裡上之犯意,則須在客觀上明確解除
: 前述對其他共同正犯之影響力,而切斷與其他共同正犯嗣後遂行犯罪
: 結果之相當因果關係者,始得對該犯罪之結果免責,而不論以該罪之共同正犯
: 因為沒有限著手前脫離,只說共謀後脫離
: 如果著手後脫離,明確解除著手前助力
: 於行為時切斷與結果之相當因果關係
: 應該可以解釋成對結果免責,而不論既遂罪之共同正犯
這個判決的意思是指
共犯著手「前」脫離,消極的行為即可,離去或是放棄犯罪
就可以脫離共犯
但是,如果共犯著手「後」才心生悔意,進而脫離
這種情況下(著手後),欲脫離之共犯需要「積極的」阻止或是明確的切除犯意聯絡
才可以使用共犯脫離理論
簡單來說:
著手後,「消極的脫離」無法適用共犯脫離理論
(因為犯意聯絡並沒有被切斷,且實質的提供ㄧ部犯罪之行為)
依照這題題目來說,乙心生悔意欲中止,沒有阻止甲,只有轉身離開,那就不能用該理論
著手後,「積極的脫離」才能適用共犯脫離理論
(因為犯意聯絡被切斷,加上積極防範犯罪之發生)
所以,在這題題目中,乙積極的拉扯甲,告訴甲不要殺丙,此為積極防範犯罪之發生
可以用該理論,使乙能脫離犯罪
--
: 實務採共犯脫離理論的例子
: 如刑法28條立法理由:
: 著手前脫離且對結果無助力,非共同正犯
: 但是著手後能否脫離,見解就比較不一致(高院有判決明確採過)
: 這個應該是最高院採肯定見解的例子
: 100台上5925:
: 行為人參與共同之謀議後擬脫離犯罪者,如於著手前對其他共同正犯
: 已提供物理上之助力,或強化心裡上之犯意,則須在客觀上明確解除
: 前述對其他共同正犯之影響力,而切斷與其他共同正犯嗣後遂行犯罪
: 結果之相當因果關係者,始得對該犯罪之結果免責,而不論以該罪之共同正犯
: 因為沒有限著手前脫離,只說共謀後脫離
: 如果著手後脫離,明確解除著手前助力
: 於行為時切斷與結果之相當因果關係
: 應該可以解釋成對結果免責,而不論既遂罪之共同正犯
這個判決的意思是指
共犯著手「前」脫離,消極的行為即可,離去或是放棄犯罪
就可以脫離共犯
但是,如果共犯著手「後」才心生悔意,進而脫離
這種情況下(著手後),欲脫離之共犯需要「積極的」阻止或是明確的切除犯意聯絡
才可以使用共犯脫離理論
簡單來說:
著手後,「消極的脫離」無法適用共犯脫離理論
(因為犯意聯絡並沒有被切斷,且實質的提供ㄧ部犯罪之行為)
依照這題題目來說,乙心生悔意欲中止,沒有阻止甲,只有轉身離開,那就不能用該理論
著手後,「積極的脫離」才能適用共犯脫離理論
(因為犯意聯絡被切斷,加上積極防範犯罪之發生)
所以,在這題題目中,乙積極的拉扯甲,告訴甲不要殺丙,此為積極防範犯罪之發生
可以用該理論,使乙能脫離犯罪
--
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